•  The normal appetite slump in toddlers occurs when a child decreases their appetite, will not seem to eat enough, and is seldom hungry.  This stage usually occurs between 1 and 5 years old.  The child's energy level is normal and the child is growing normally.  We are not talking here about children with severe chronic illnesses and who cannot grow properly.
  
•  Between 1 and 5 years of age many children normally gain only 4 or 5 pounds each year even though they probably gained 15 pounds during their first year.  Children in this age range can normally go several months without any weight gain.  Because they are not growing as fast, they need less calories and they seem to have a poorer appetite.
  
• How much a child chooses to eat is governed by the appetite center in the brain.  Kids eat as much as they need for growth and energy.  Many parents try to force their child to eat more than they need because they fear that the poor appetite might cause poor health.  This is not true, however, and forced feedings interfere with the normal pleasure of eating and actually decrease a child's appetite.
•  Once you allow your child to be in charge of how much they eat, the unpleasantness at mealtime and your concerns about health should disappear in a matter of 2 to 4 weeks.  Your child's appetite will improve when they become older and need to eat more.

1. Put your child in charge of how much he or she eats.  Trust your child's appetite center.  The most common reason for some children never appearing hungry is that they have so many snacks, drinks, and meals that they never become truly hungry.  Offer your child no more than two small snacks of nutritious food each day, and provide them only if your child requests them.  If your child is thirsty between meals, offer water, not juice, to quench the thirst.  Limit the amount of juice your child drinks to less than 4 ounces each day.  Let your child miss one or two meals if they choose and then watch the appetite return. Skipping a meal is harmless.
2. Never feed your child if your child is capable of feeding themselves.  The greatest tendency for parents of a child with a poor appetite is to pick up the spoon, fill it with food, smile, and try to trick the child into eating it.  Once your child is old enough to use a spoon by themselves (usually by 12 to 15 months), never again pick it up for them.  If your child is hungry, they will feed themselves.
3. Offer finger foods.  Finger foods, such as Cheerios, can be started at 6 to 8 months of age.  Such foods allow your child to feed themselves at least some of the time, even if they are not yet able to use a spoon.  Just avoid food that your child might choke on.
4. Limit milk to less than 16 ounces each day to your older child.  Milk contains as many calories as most solid foods.  Drinking too much milk can fill kids up and blunt their appetites.
5. Serve small portions of food; less than you think your child will eat.  A child's appetite is decreased if they are served more food than they could possibly eat.  If you serve your child a small amount on a large plate, they are more likely to finish it and gain a sense of accomplishment.  If your child seems to want more, wait for them to ask for it.  Avoid serving your child any foods that he or she strongly dislikes (such as some vegetables).
6. Consider giving your child daily vitamins.  Although vitamins are probably unnecessary, they are not harmful in normal dosages and may allow you to relax about your child's eating patterns.  We recommend inexpensive brands, such as the Walgreens or Brooks brand of Flintstones Chewables with Extra Vitamin C.  Do not use vitamins with extra iron for your young child unless specifically recommended by us, as vitamins with iron can cause severe poisoning in a large overdose.
7. Make mealtimes pleasant.  Draw your children into the conversation.  Avoid making mealtimes a time for criticism or struggle over control.  Rather, this should be an all-important family bonding time.
   
8. Avoid conversation about eating.  Don't discuss how little your child eats in her presence.  Trust your child's appetite center, and avoid pleading.  Also avoid praising your child when they eat a lot.  Children should eat to please themselves.
9. Don't extend mealtime.  Don't make your child sit at the dinner table after the rest of the family is done eating.  This will only cause your child to develop unpleasant associations with mealtime.
10. Don't let the Grandparents or relatives badger you.  Many immigrant parents come from a culture where both eating and obesity are valued.  They might say that your child is too skinny, worry that the child is ill, and indicate that it reflects poorly on your skills as a parent. You might not be able to fight this battle alone.....so show them this paper, and quote us as the reason that you are not worried.  Besides, the greater ill nowadays is the large number of obese children, not children that are 'too skinny'.
11. Common mistakes.  Parents who are worried that their child isn't eating enough may start some irrational patterns of feeding.  Some awaken the child at night to feed.  Some offer the child snacks at 15 to 20 minute intervals throughout the day.  Some try to make the child feel guilty by talking about other children in the world who are starving.  Others threaten, "If you don't eat what I cook, it means you don't love me."  Some parents force their child to sit in the high chair for long periods of time after the meal has ended.  The most common mistake is picking up a child's spoon or fork and trying various ways to get food into the mouth.

The main way to prevent feeding struggles is to teach child how to feed themselves at as early an age as possible.  You can wait for your infant to show you when they are ready to eat (by leaning forward, for example) and to pace the feeding (by turning the head).  Do not put food into your child's mouth just because they inadvertently opened it.  Do not insist that your child empty the bottle, finish a jar of food or clean the plate.  By the time your child is 6 to 8 months old, start giving them finger foods. By 12 months of age, your child will begin to use a spoon and they should be able to feed themselves completely by 15 months of age. GOOD LUCK!
 

Rev 10/2005  APPETITESLUMP.html

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